Zogam hong makaih ding. Pu pau lun min thang len pu mang hen dal

Pu Paulun bel Haiciin khua mi hi a, APA Palik sem sepna Cikha khua pan in khangkhia ahi hi. ( AMA tangthu man ka cih na hi. Lungdam hang ee, I gam leh minam ading in Topan thupha Hong piaksak semsem ta hen. Pu Mang Hen Dal zong lungdam pih mah2 hang, I gam I mi ading in Topan thupha tawh Hong dim ta hen. A lungdam pih, Writing kiukhat pan Pauno leh Innkuante On Apr 11, 2016 11:55 AM, "Khup Lian Thang thangliank@gmail.com [zominam]" wrote: Dear Zomi u leh nau te aw, Ih ngaklah mahmah ahi Zogam ong makaih ding Thuzekpi te ong kipta in galkap khat simloh a vekin Zomi Zosuan vive hi .Chief Minister dingin Pu Lian Hluai ( Falam pan ) hi in, ei Tedim leh Tonzong lampan mimal nih takin Minister mun 2 ngah ih hih manin , ih deih mahmah sam hangin i lam en ngam het kei aa, ahih hangin Pasian in ong pia ahih manin angah veve ih hi hi. Minister panmun 6 om hi in, khatpen galkap ( Kawlte ) ten a laksa ahih manin panmun 5 lek pan 2 angah hi hang cih theih hi. Pu Pau Lun pen ZCD pan hi in Tonzang Township panin State MP ding dem in telcing hi. A khua pen Cikha hi in, tu laitak Yangan ah teng uh aa, nung deuhin a pianna Pa in tawntung mun ong zuatsan ta hi. Pa bang om lai leh angtang leh kipak mahmah ding hi. Tun zong aom na vangam panin a tapa gualzawhna hangin na lungdam mahmah ding hi cih theihsa hi. Pu Pau Lun in innkuanpih nei nailo in tangval melhoih mahmah khat zong hi lai hi.Pu Pau Lun in Ministry of Social Welfare ( Mimal nuntak khuasak khantohna, Cidamna lam, Pilna lam, biakna lam, ngeina lam )ong makaih ding hi in hih panmun in ahuam khak pen ong zai kik peuhmah hi. Tu lian laitak leh mailam sau veipi aa dingin aki sam penpen panmun hi in, ama sepsung in maban tampi ong matut zo ding hi ci in muanna I nei aa, ei mipi ten zong I sep theihna mun pan panpih ciat ding hi hang. Pu Mang Hen Dal pen Tedim Township, Suangdawh khua pan hi in kuama Party tang hi lo in, a pil a siam ahihna tawh apualam ( Independent ) pan in a ki tel hi. Kumpi nasem lui hi in, Kawlgam Ministry of Forestry ah zong Director panmun dong ngah hi. Tu aa a ngahthak panmun pen Ministry of Agriculture,Livestock, Forestry and Mining ( Lokhawh na, khawi leh vulhna, Gam sung om nate khempeuh leh leisung sumpiang te tawh kisai ) ong makaih in ong kemcing ong phungcing sak dingin panmun vaipuak a nei hita hi. A diakin nidang in ih lunghimawh pih ahi Gullu Mual vai bangpen ama sep theihna tawh na tampi kilamdang sak zo ding hi. Ih lung nuamzo pah hi. Ih theihsa ciat mah bangin Zogam pen, tangthu kan siamten a kanna ciangah , kua mah in ong uk ngeilo bek tham lo in kua mah in amun alei iplah lualo hi. Mangkang kumpi in amau kumpi gam aliatsemsem na ding leh leitung ah a thu neihna a kip theihna dingin India leh Kawlgam, Sengam kikal aa om Zogam zong , mun thupi mahmah ( Geo-politics ) ahih manin Kawlgam 1885kum in alak khitteh Zogam hamsa pipi in 1896kum in ong la zo uh hi. Tua hun aa kipan in minam dangte khutsung aki tung pan hi in, tua masiah pen ei leh ei aki makaih diamdiamte ih hi hi. Kawlte tawh suahtakna I lakkhawm khit ciangin Parliament Democracy tawh ki ukna ong kipan in tua aa kipan Zomite ei leh ei khatvei aki uk a ki makaih kik ong suak h. Tua lai in Zozum ahih leh Yangon ah om in , Makai u liante Yangon pan in gal uk hi. Tua dan paizia mipi aa dingin hoih maw hoihlo cih pen ngaihsut huai hi in tangthu etkik huai khat ahi hi. 1962 kum ciangin Galkap ten ong uk in, 1974- 1988kum dong galkap paizia makaihna mah ahi Party khatbek ki ukna,Kawlgam tawh aki tuak ding Socialism tawh ki ukna, or Galkap te thuneihna dan mah tawh a ki uk ihi hi. 1988-2010kum dong, Party ukna beisak leuleu in Galkap ukna lamah kileh kik hi hang. 2010 kum aa kipan in Galkap puansuah , galkap luite ukna hun ong hi leuleu hi. Amin in mipi tel tangmite aom tei hangin Galkap thuneihna, paizia mah tawh 2015kum dong aki kalsuan hi mawk hi. 2016kum pan kipan in bel, mipite tel tangmi taktak te in Kawlgam ong makaih dinguh ahih manin nak lungdam huai leh lawp huai mahmah hi. Hih bangdan pen Mangkangte ong lutma tuma kum 130 hun lai or Kawlgam Paliament democracy hun lai dan pianmah( tua sangin thu ki theihna biahzaw leh kilawp zaw ) ong hikik ahih manin, lungdam phadiak leh hih ciang tunna dingin ong makaih ong kem den ih biak Pasian tungah ih lungdam mahmah hi. Kawlgam pen leitung bup gamteng lakpan a zawng pen lam hi in, Kawlgam ah Zogam pen a zawngpen leh pilna lam aniam pen hi sawnsawn lai ihih manin, ong kahthat makaite in sepding vaipuak hau phadeuh leh na ong naksep phadeuh ong kul ding hi. Tua pen ei mipi ten telsiam in ih panpih theihna pan panpih in thapia in, tawsawn in, thungetna tawh panpih ding hi hang. India lampan u leh naute aw, Pasian hehpihna tawh Zogam pen ei Zomite khutsung ah ong tungkik taktak ta ahih manin na lungmuang na kha muang un. Damdam in Zogam ah ih innteek semsem dinga, ei Zomite bekin innpi sepna hun Zogam a sawtlo in ong tung pelmawh ding hi. No aa dingin kongkhak kihong den aa, na ut hunhun in ong sungtum pusuak un. Na sanggam na beh na phung, na khuapih na tuipih te ong van zel unla, ko khanglam Zomiten zong , no kiangah ong hawhin thu leh lai vai hawm khawm, tukhawm khawlkhawm dih ni.Hih bangin hun kikhelna sungah ong Makai dingin Pasian ong telsak makaite khempeuh tungah ih biak Pasian pilna ciimna ong piaksak ta hen la, ei mipi te mahmah in zong , I makaite panpihin thapia in, ih kisap amau ong sepsak theih ding aom leh tawsawn in paikhop liailiai hun ta hi. Lungdam Khup Lian Thang

By SAW YAN NAING / THE IRRAWADDY | April 27, 2016 RANGOON — Aung San Suu Kyi, Burma’s state counselor and de facto leader of the new National League for Democracy (NLD) government, met with eight non-state armed groups and the Burma Army on Wednesday, calling for the convening of a “Panglong-style” peace conference within two months and encouraging all stakeholders to help make that happen. Speaking in Naypyidaw at a meeting with the Joint Monitoring Committee, a body that monitors adherence to the so-called Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) inked among those present, Suu Kyi said she “didn’t want to take much time before holding a Panglong-style conference.” The Panglong Conference was convened by Suu Kyi’s father, Gen. Aung San, and leaders from three of the country’s ethnic minority groups on the eve of independence, and is widely praised for the spirit of inclusiveness and cooperation that it fostered between the dominant Burman majority and ethnic minorities at the time. Suu Kyi on Wednesday emphasized that a lasting peace was vitally needed in Burma as civilians in conflict zones continued to suffer the daily hardships of poverty and war. “I want [all parties] to try helping to hold the peace conference in one or two months because we need peace in our country. Our people are suffering every day due to the lack of peace. It is not a small suffering for a person who suffers from dangers 24 hours [a day],” said Suu Kyi. She also said action would be more important than words in any accord to achieve a lasting peace, and urged all parties involved in the peace process to be committed to consolidating the ceasefire. “In fact, achieving a firm, lasting ceasefire is a really important task. Signing [a ceasefire] is just a first step. If there is no genuine lasting ceasefire, we can’t move forward to peace,” Suu Kyi said. Burma Army representatives including Lt-Gen Yar Pyae, who chairs the Joint Monitoring Committee, joined the eight groups that signed the NCA and were present at Wednesday’s meeting. The Joint Monitoring Committee was formed last November under the administration of former President Thein Sein and includes representatives from the eight NCA armed group signatories, the military and former government, and a handful of outside civilians. Notably absent from the Naypyidaw meeting were delegations from about a dozen other ethnic armed groups that have not signed the NCA, either due to abstention or exclusion by the previous government. Suu Kyi, however, said the lack of inclusivity at the moment should not discourage stakeholders. “Even though they [non-NCA signatories] are not yet included, we will try to include them. We need to consider about it. There is no reason that we can’t make it work if there is sincere empathy,” Suu Kyi contended. The NLD chairwoman said she recognized the importance of the work done by the Joint Monitoring Committee, but would need to review and reform it if deemed necessary. She also welcomed advice and input from the committee in order to achieve a lasting peace. “As I understand and have heard, almost 90 percent of ceasefire accords can be broken. So it shows that’s how important the work of the JMC [Joint Monitoring Committee] is,” said Suu Kyi. Her coming evaluation will include an appraisal of who is best involved in the Joint Monitoring Committee, and of the pros and cons of the committee as currently constituted, with an eye toward possible reforms. “The immediate job of the JMC is to respond to any violation of the ceasefire. For long-term purposes, we want to know how the JMC will participate in helping to further peace negotiations and peace conferences. We want to get good advice from them. We welcome it,” said Suu Kyi. The challenges ahead are formidable, such as the obvious absence of a large majority of the nation’s myriad ethnic armed groups. The Karen National Union (KNU) and Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) are NCA signatories that sent representatives to Naypyidaw this week and wield considerable influence and manpower in their respective areas of control, but some of country’s largest non-state armies are non-signatories, including the Kachin Independence Army (KIA) and United Wa State Army (UWSA). Bertil Lintner, a Burma expert who has penned several books about the country, wrote this week that more than four-fifths of ethnic combatants nationwide owed allegiance to ethnic armed groups not signed on to the ceasefire and thus not in the room on Wednesday

ZOMI leterature: khiat na tuamtuam aneih leh

Bang Hangin Hizahin “h” Hua I Hi Hiam? (Why “h” Is Much Hated as This?) Tu ma kum bangzah hiamkhat pan Zolai gelhna ah “h” khiap ding hoih a sa mipil pawlkhat hong om hi. Tua hangin zong laigelhna ah “h” khiap ding hong hanciam uh a, gentehna-in a nuai-a bang hi: (1) ahih hangin = ahi hangin (2) uh hi = uhi (3) leh = le A kigen thu ka zak ngei ah tua banga “h” a khiapnopna uh a hangte lakah khat pen i Zolai ah “h” tam lua cih thu hi. (I thulu en bek lehang zong Zolai ah “h” bangzahin tam cih kimu thei pah hi). Tua “h-te” in laigual sausak, laimai tampi beisak ahih manin “h” khiaptheih zahzah khiam lehang laibu bawlna ah sumbei phatuam ding, cih ahi hi. Mipih sapihte sumbei phatuam ding hong deihsakna uh thupi ka sa a, a hanciamna uh ciaptehtaak ka sa hi. Ahi zongin “h” khiap manin sumbei phatuam ding cih pen matlaptaak taktak lo hileh kilawm hi. Tawm beizaw ding himah leh kikhai vevua lua lo ding hi. Taktak ci lehang, tu hun laibu i bawl ciangin cil tentan theih hilo-in mi’ lunglut theihtheih ding leh a simdan a nuam theithei dingin a kisem a kibawl hizaw hi. A kul leh, laimal zong gol ding, laigual zong kihal ding, laidal laimaite lai tawh dim metmat lo ding, cih khawng a kithupi ngaihsutzaw hita hi. Sum vai zong thukhat ci ni. Tua sangin Zolai gelhzia limtak etcianhuai hi. Zolai gelhna ah “h” pum huat theih hilo, tam lua tah ci-a pum hepkhiattheih zong hilo, a val-a kizang zong om lo, cih kimu thei hi. Tua thu tawmno khat i kikum nuam a, tu tungin “leh” vai i bulphuh ding hi. Khiatna Tuamtuam A Nei Zolai Kammal “leh” I pau ah “leh” pen khiatna tuamtuam a nei kammal khat hi. Lai tawh gelhkhiatna ah a theih-oltuam dingin a nuai-a bangin nam nih kikhen thei hi: 1. “lehpi” leh “lehno” 2. A nung a ma tawh gawmna 1. “lehpi” leh “lehno” (a) “lehpi” cih ciangin “h” a kihel teekteek “leh” kammal pen hi. Manglai kammal “and” tawh a kikimna munte ah kizang hi (i zatsa tek hi). Thu/mi/na a kibanglo nih (nih sangin zong tamzaw thei) genna-in kizang hi. gtn. (1) Thangpi leh Khaino hong hawh uhhi. (2) Sumbukte leh galkapte tukpeng kidem uhhi. (3) Upna leh zuihna a tonkhop kul hi. (4) Mihing, ganhing leh singkung lopa genbehna: Nambat 1na ah Thangpi leh Khaino ci-in mi nih om a, amau pen a kibang hilo, mi khat tuak ahi uhhi. 2na ah sumbukte leh galkapte zong a tuam tuak hi a, 3na leh 4na zong tua bang mah hi. (b) “lehno” cih ciangin “h” kihello “le” kammal pen hi. Thu/mi/na nih a kopin genkhawm napi (“and” khiatna nei teei napi), a tuam tuak-a genna ahilo, a gennop khat bek ahite ah kizang hi. gtn. neih le lam nat le sat tha le ngal inn le lo zawn le ngau nek le dawn khawi le vulh gim le tawl silh le ten Hih kammalte, a kop-a genna zong kici thei ding a, i pau ah tampi om hi. Hih kamkopte ah “lehno” a zat-huaina thu a nuai-a bang hi: gtn. (1) neih le lam -- “neih” a tuam, “lam” a tuam, nam nih genna hilo, neihsa lamsa a vek-in kigawm-a genna (2) inn le lo -- “inn” leh “lo” a tuam tuak-a khenna hilo, neihsa lamsa mah genna (nuntak nading, kivak nadinga kitangsam vangilte genna) -- a tuam tuakin i gennop hun zong om thei ding a, gentehna-in “Inn leh lo kikal ah lui khat om hi” cihna bang ah “inn” a tuam, “lo” a tuam, ahih manin “lehpi” zatnding ahi hi. (3) nat le sat -- Cinatna, damlohna (natna satna) vai genna hi a, “nat” a tuam, “sat” a tuam hilo genbehna: Hihte nangawn ah “lehpi” mah zat ding hoih a sa zong om hi (ka theihkhak: Rev. Thang Cin Pau, Pastor, Zomi Community Church, Columbus, Ohio, USA). gtn. inn leh lo, neih leh lam, nat leh sat, adg. Tua lo, “lehno” a zangte lakah pawlkhat in a kizomin gelh (=gawm) uhhi (ka theihkhak: Sia Thang Nen Pau, Editor, Zangkong Awging, FAG, Yangon). gtn. neihlelam, innlelo, natlesat, adg. 2. A Nung A Ma tawh Gawmna A tunga “lehpi” leh “lehno” nam nih sunga kihello (“and” vai ahilo) “leh” dang tampi om lai hi. Tuate lakah “lehpi” zatloh a phatmawhna mun pawlkhat om a, pawlkhat leuleu a simdan a oltuam nading cih lam-etna tawh “lehpi” leh “lehno” khel kawikawi-in zat-huai hi. Tua banah, “lehpi” ahi-a “lehno” ahi zongin Manglai gelhzia enkakin a nunga kammal akl a ma-a kammal tawh a gawmhuai pawlkhat om hi. (a) “if” khiatna a nei “leh” gtn. (1) Pasian in hong it lo hileh bang i suak ding hiam? (2) N’ong hawh ding leh hong theisak khol in. (3) N’ong hawh ding uhleh ong theisak khol un. (4) Hong pai thei leh hoih mah ding hi ve’n. (5) Hong pai thei le-uh (= leh uh) hoih mah ding hi ve’n. (6) Hong pai thei leteh (= leh teh) hoih mah ding hi ve’n. (7) Hong pai thei lecin (= leh cin) hoih mah ding hi ve’n. (8) Hong pai thei le-uhcin (= leh uhcin) hoih mah ding hi ve’n. (b) A hun kituak-a thupiangte genna “leh” gtn. (1) Annek khit teh vak dinga kithawi. Tua leh, guah hong zu hiau. (paukam: Tua le, guah ong zu hiau) (2) Inn pan pusuah lian leh guahzu lian. (c) “or” khiatna nei kammal a cin nadinga kizang “leh” gtn. “ahihkeileh” (tomlakna “akl”) (1) A vom ahihkeileh a kang, khatzawzaw teel in. (2) Nuntak zon nadingin summet bawl in. Ahihkeileh lo kho in. (d) “ahilo lama hih/seem/piang” cih khiatna a nei “leh” gtn. (1) Thu ahi bangin gen lo-in lehgen hi. (2) Neino in a nik lehten kha hi. (3) A zo lua ding kimlai lehlelh zawsop. genbehna: Hih (d)na “leh” pen Manglai grammar “prefix” ciingin a nunga kammal tawh i gawm ahi hi. gtn. lehbulh, lehngat, lehpai, lehtat, adg.) (e) Din kik, thuk kik cih lamsang genna “leh” gtn. (1) bumleh – bum a thuak khat in mibum theite mah cialin bum a leh ciangin pha thei (2) zuleh – zubel sunga zutui a kiam ciangin dimh kik (3) khekleh – pawipi hun bei khit, a zingciang khatvei bawlbehna (4) kileh – tunna mun pan paisuak lo-in kipatkhiatna mun lam manawh kik (5) kinileh – khualzinna ah zan taam lo-in tua ni mahin a paikhiatna mun ciah kik (f) Kamvuicing khupna-a kizang “leh” leh “le” (zattheih kawikawi) gtn. (1) Tu’n na thei ta hia leh? (Tu’n na thei ta hia le?) (2) Hong pai ve leh (Hong pai ve le) genbehna: Nambat (2)na “Hong pai ve le” cihna ah “ve le” awsuah zui-in a khiatna nam nih suak thei hi. -- Khatna ah, “Come, then” cih nam hi. Tua nangawn “leh” tawh ahihleh thupiakna akl kimaingapna gimnam deuh a, “le” tawh ahihleh a aw neemsuah neelsuahzaw deuh leh kilawm hi. -- Nihna ah, “S/he does come” cih nam hi a, hong pai lam a theilo khat kiangah hong pai ahihlam genphatna dan hi. Tua nangawn, “leh” tawh hileh genphatna ciang bek hihtuak a, “le” tawh hileh (hong pai lam theihloh lawmlawm ci-a) hawmthawhna pian, akl (hong pai ka cih na uploh tu’n na thei hia ci-a) tungnung tuanna pian gimnam hi. -- Hih, khatna leh nihna a khen-ol nadingin nihna-a “ve le” pen “vele” ci-ing gawm lehang hoihtuak hi Thukhupna Zopau kicing mahmah hi. “leh” bek zong genkhop om hi. Tu-a i gen teng pen “kei’ zatzia” hi pan hi. Kei’ zatzia cih ciangin kei’ aa bek hong kimang hen cihna hilo a, khat bek’ muhna hi pan cih a gen nuam i hizaw hi. Muhzia zatzia a tuamtuam om kha thei ding a, tu-a pen kei’ theihsun, ka battan, kong sunkhiatna ahi hi. Rev. Pau Lian Mang, D.Theol. Tedim Christian College Yangon, MYANMAR

Dear Zomi U leh naute aw, Harvard University ah, Political Scientist leh Professor ahi Samual P. Huntington in leitung Democracy kikhelna pen hunpi 3 in khensuk hi. 1828-1926kum kikal akhat veina Democracy kikhelna tuihual in na ciapteh a, 1922-1942kum kikal pen Democracy pan nungtolh kik hun in na ciapteh hi. 1943-1962kum kikal pen a nih veina, 1958-1975kum kikal pen a nungtolh kikna , 1974kum a kipan pen a thum veina kipan hi ci in ama laibu at The Third Wave acihna sungah a kicing takin gen hi. “A thumveina tuihual pipen 1990kum leh 2000kum pawlin khawlin a nungtolhlam manawh hi” a ci mipil pawlkhat om hi. Ahi zongin Kawlgam gamvai lam a siam leh Democracy kikhelna lam asiam ahi Larry Diamond “A thum veina tuihual a kizomzom hi in, leitung gambup huam in hileh a manawt veve aa damdam in apai hi bek hi” ci hi. Anih in man hi kici thei ding hi. Arab Spring akici, Middle East lamte kikhelna, gamvai a khanlawhna pen Democracy lam a zuan dingin apai hi leh kilawm napi in, a lehlam ah paikik or ngimna tangtung lo in buai mahmah zaw pian uh hi. Kawlgam ahih leh damdam in ong kikhel in tu in ahih leh ahoih mahmah ta cih theih dinmun a tung thei hita hi. Kikhelna tuihual masa ( 1828-1926kum) Democracy kikhelna tuihual masa pen American ten suahtak dingin ahanciamna pan leh Piantit ( France ) gamsung khanlawhna pan akipan kikhelna tuihualpi ahi hi. A hunpen kum 100 val bang sawtin, a saupen tuihual hiphot hi. Leitung a om gamte ii 45.3% bangin Democracy gamah kikhel hi. Ahih hangin Democracy ii alanglamte zong nahat zel in 1922-1942 in Facism leh Communism ahat gamte ahi Germany, Italy , Russia leh Japan gam cihte hangin Democracy pan in nungtolhna lianpi na om hi. Leitung gamte khempeuh ii 19.7% dongah kiasuk hi. Kikhelna tuihual nihna ( 1943-1962kum ) Democracy kikhelna tuihual nihna pen, Galpi nihna ah a guallel gamte ( Germany, Italy, Japan, Turkey ) tungtawn pan in na kipan hi. Tua bek hilo in Gamkekte ( British, France, Holland, etc…) khutsung pan suahtakna ngahthak gam tampi zong tuihual nihna in nawk kha hi. Tua lak ah Kawlgam zong kihel in 1948kum in Mangkang kumpi tungpan suahtakna a ngah khitteh Parliament Democracy ukna tawh ki uk hi. Hih tuihual nihna ah Zomite zong gamvai ah na kihel ta uh hi. Zogam tawh akinai pen India zong tua tuihual nihna tungtawn mah pan aki pan hi in, Mizoram leh Manipur lam ah Zomite in zong, hih kikhelna tuihual nihna in nawkkha ta hi. Hih tuihual nihna in leitung gam khempeuh ii 32.4% pen Democracy gam suak hi. Hih kikhelna tuihual pen kum 20kum bek sawtin tuihual a tom in kiciapteh hi. Hih kikhel hun sungin adahhuai mahmah thu zong tampi om hi. Gam kikhenna, minam khat gam nih in kikhenna cih bangin a thahat a minthang gamvai sanzia te ( Democracy Vs Communism ) om hun ahi hi. East and West Germany, South and North Vietnam, Soun and North Korea, China leh Taipeng cih bangin buai ngeingai hun zong ahi hi. Kawlgam ah zong a ki khenkham leh a kitamkham dektak phial dongin tualgal na om in, gam kikhenna dong tungzo lo sam hi. Kawlgam a nungtolhna Leitung ah thautawh hilo a thu tawh kidona ( Cold War ) akhauhpai mahmah hun, Communist te’ thakhauh mahmah hunin gam tampi mah nungtolh leuleu uh hi. Tuihual nihna in anawk hunin Kawlgam zong gam pawlkhat danin khen 2 khen 3 asuak dektak ahih phial hangin ki khen kham sam lo hi. A hih hangin tualgal huhau hangin leh Gam ki ukna vai-ah sandan kibatlohna hangin ( Democracy Vs Communism Vs Socialism ) tualgal nasia mahmah in, hih tualgal hang mahin gam thanem in nungtolh lam a manawh ahi hi. Hih a nungtolhna pen lai-at pa Samuel P. Huntington in 1958-1975 dongin na ciapteh hi. Kawlgam zong 28th Sept, 1958kum in General Ne Win in, U Nu tungpan thuneihna la hi. 1960kum in thuneihna a apkik hangin 2nd March, 1962kum in lakik veve in tua pen 1988kum dong a lensuak hi ta zen hi. Tua khitteh ama mite mah in lensuak in tua pen 2010kum dong Kawlgam thuneihna lecip uh hi. Leitung gamte khempeuh ii 24.6% ah kiasuk kik hi. Kikhelna tuihual thumna ( 1974- Present ) Hih kikhelna pen Europe leitaw lam aa om Portugal gam pan kipan in Arab gam ( Middle East ) simloh mun khempeuh phial ah ki zel mangin, akhangto ding akipan gam 30 bangah kikhelna om hi. Leitung gamte ii 45.4% bangpen Democracy gam suak hi. A diakin Cold War zong ong daita in, Communist gam lianpi ahi Russia gam zong hih hun sungin kikhen kham mang hi. Germany gam zong nisuah na leh nitumna kikhenna pan kigawm kik in tangthu ah aminthang mahmah Berlin Wall zong kicim ta aa, 3rd Nov, 1990 kum pan kipan in Germany gam kigawm kik hi. Kawlgam leh a thumveina tuihual Kawlgam ah zong 1988kum in kikhelna tuihual kipan kik aa, tua tungtawn in tu laitak aa ukna nei NLD party leh amakai Daw Aung San Suu Kyi te na minthang hi. Sangnaupang te tampi in a nuntakna beilawh uh a, tampi mah gilbem sung kitun hi. Kawlgam lam ZNC zong tua kum mahin kiphut hi. Zomite zong Kawlgam gamvai ah khatvei thasan in na kipan kik leuleu hi. NLD makaite hita leh ZNC makaite hita leh haksatna, mat leh hen tuakin gam leh minam in Democracy mantak a ngah theihna dingin nakpi takin nasem uh hi. NLD leh ZNC a lutlo, minam aa dingin itna deihsakna tawh akipia khia Zomi sang naupang tampi tak zong om hi. 1990kum kitelna ah NLD in zogawp mah ta leh Galkap kumpi in thuneihna pia lo hi. Hih kikhelna tuihual thumna kizom toto in, DASSK , Pu Chin Sian Thang leh Kawlgam sunga om minam makaite mahmah in lungduai takin a din tinten na hangin atawpna ah 2015kum kitelpi tungtawn in Democracy lampi paina dingin a makai motor hawl a kilaih zo taktak ta hi phot hi. Bang hangin Gam pawlkhatte nungtolh hetlo in kip Tuni dong gamlian gamthupi in ih ciapteh American, Europe gamte ( kikhelna tuihual khatna ii nawkkhawkna ) in bang hangin hih zahin kip in atam zaw nungtolh hetloh uh hiam? Hih kikhelna akipat hun , ahun thupi mahmah hi. Tua hunpen pilna tuamtuam thaksuak sakkik hun ( Age of Renaissance ), na thak muh thak , sik vante tawh nasepna leh khantohna kipat hun ( Age of Revolution ) , thu muhna, pilna, leitung vantung, nate’ thu kanna hun, thuthuk theihna a kipat hun ( Age of Enlightenment ) hunte ahi hi. Hih teng om khin ahih manin ( 1) sum le pai bawlna khangto khin (2) amau khe tungah amah leh amah ading thei kipawlna, mimal tampi om khin (3) khat leh khat kikum diamdiam in, thu vaihawm khawm thei, khat leh khat kizahtakna tawh thu vaihawm, cih ngeina hoihte nei uh ahih manin kip in kho mahmah hi,ci in lai at pa in gen hi. Ahih hangin laiat pa mah in “hih dan lian bek tawh Democracy kikhelna man kingah ding hi cihna hi tuanlo hi ci kik veve hi.” Kawlgam leh Zogam Zomite kigin ding 1) Kawlgam in atunga gam thupite neih hoihna nam(3) te lakah khat bek nei hanga, DASSK in kiniam khiat takin Galkap kumpi tawh kam kumkhawm, a ma deihna masak lo in a langnih ( mipi leh galkapte) phattuamna dingin 2008 Constitution tungtawn in nasem in eite aa dingin lametna zingni ong suaksak hi. Hih lungsim puakzia mah bangin Zomiten zong hoihtak in et teh in ciingin , gam leh minam khantohna, Zomite kisap thute ( Interest ) a masak zawk nak uh leh Zomite aa dingin zingni ong suak hak nawnlo ding hi. 2) Kikhelna tuihual nihna hun danin, Kawlgam makaite’ bulphuh ahi, gamvai, ki ukna vai ah , lampi khatbek tawh pai sawmna pen nusiat hun ta kha ding hi. Kei pawllo te ka gal hi, a thahat zaw ten a thanem te buluh mang uh hi. Hih kawlsuanzia in gam leh minam khantohna lam manawhpih lo in, leinuai ah denna hi. A ki banglo upna, sanna, theihnate sungkhawm in Kawlgam,Zogam aa dingin nasep hun ta hi. 3) Hih bangin thu leh la khinkhai theihna dingin Pilna, theihna, sinna kisam ahih manin Zomite khempeuh in pilna mah thupi sak pen in , biakna makai, kipawlna makai, minam leh gam makaite mahmah in Zomite pilna lam ah akhantohna ding , a tuntunna ah gen in, mission pi khat in nei hileh, a sawtlo in Zomite in Zogam bek ah hilo in Kawlgam, Vaigam leh leitung mun thupi khempeuh ah makai dingin Pasian in lamsang pelmawh ding hi. Lungdam Khup Lian Thang Ref; Kawlgam gamvai tangthu etkik na, U Kyaw Win Kawlgam gamvai kikhelna (2010,2011,2012), U Kyaw Win Kawlgam gamvai leh U Ne Win, Dr Mg Mg